Assignment ONE
Welcome to the 'Food and Health' blog! This may be a new experience for you, so you will need to remember a few rules:
1) This is a public site, so everything you write will be seen by everyone else.
2) The official language is English, but if you are REALLY having trouble, you can write in Italian. Try not to do it if at all possible...
3) Have Fun! Even learning English can be fun if you have the right attitude!
So, on to your first assignment...
As you may have noticed, there is a "Clusty Cloud" at the top of our blog. This is a service provided by a search engine that I find to be very useful, http://www.clusty.com . I think it is better than Google in some ways, because it puts the search results into categories so that you waste less time looking at things that do not interest you.
Your assignment is to click on one or more of the words in the "Clusty Cloud" and take a look at the search results. Then, choose a category on the left, and start exploring the sites. Choose an article, read it, and of course, after that, you have to write to me and tell me about what you have found.
I am looking forward to your comments!
In addition, you will need to do some listening practice for the final exam. Click on the link below, scroll down to find three listening categories: easy, medium and difficult. We will start with an easy listening activity. It is called "Heavenly Pies Restaurant". Click on the name and then play the audio. There are some questions to answer further down the page. If you don't understand what they are saying, you can click on the words "quiz script" and listen again while you read. This site is an EXCELLENT place to practice listening, and your final exam will have a listening part, so you would do well to come back and listen to some others as well... If you do, please write and tell me about it!
LINK http://www.esl-lab.com/
DISTANCE-LEARNERS: You must do all of this assignment like everyone else, but you must also make an appointment with your group to have a discussion on skype about the articles you read. You can try and convince your classmates to read the same articles, or discourage them if you think they were not very useful in terms of vocabulary, topic of interest, or any other reason.
47 comments:
HEALTHY EATING->NUTRITION AND FITNESS->FITNESS AND EXERCISE->Fitness and Your 2- to 3-Year-Old I chose the article about the movement of children aged between 2 and 3 years because I love them and I have 2 of the same age in my family.
The movement is spontaneous in this age group but in this article the experts argue about what children can do and what are the activities to be performed.
According to the National Association of Sport and Physical Education, children every day must:
• Obtain at least 30 minutes of structured physical activity (adult-led)
• Obtain at least 60 minutes of unstructured physical activity (free play)
• not be idle for more than 1 hour at a time (except for sleeping)
they also say that children must play with the family that should encourage the child to be active and they should provide age appropriate toys. Children must have a lot of opportunities for play and be active in a safe place. Preference should be given to parks and gardens instead of indoors.
We must also limit the time the child spends watching TV (including DVDs and video).
If the child refuses to play or interact with other children, or complain of pain during or after the game, parents have to consult a doctor because the movement is important.
Children who are active from an early age tend to stay active throughout life. Since the age of 2.3 years can help maintain a healthy weight, and decrease the risk of serious disease, like high blood pressure, diabetes and heart disease which can occur in midlife.
NUTRITION: FOOD FOR FITNESS
http://www.menshealth.com/men/nutrition/food-for-fitness/nutrition-for-fitness/article/61943ff7a2657110vgnvcm20000012281eac
While I was searching about clusty cloud’s words my attention was captured from a man’s health article recommended by a personal trainer Gregg Avedon,(click on the link for a photo), who explain how to get a nice body with a particular diet.
He advice us how to complement our workouts eating some delicious meals high in protein and low in fats. In particular, he suggest: the kind of food, the amount of ingredients and how to make them.
So, meals aren’t so quickly to make, and it is necessary a while to prepare them. Certainly, this bill of fare, full of spice and low of flavouring , isn’t so Mediterranean; sure enough my question is: where is pasta???!! And pizza??!! Joking aside, my take? this diet is low-carbohydrate, and there are too much proteins, this feature could damage the kidney on the long time. Gregg doesn’t mention the duration of the diet. Furthermore, meals are the same everyday and it’s known that an healthy food is equivalent to a varied nutrition. Therefore , I think this is very important information for man’s health.
N05/02
Fiber –> Articles –> Fiber Filler
This article focuses on the importance of increasing the daily intake of dietary fiber.
The modern diet contains many refined foods.
Refined foods are stripped of their original, natural nutrient content and fiber, and those natural ingredients are replaced with refined sugars, salt, excess fat and chemical additives. The loss of fiber in processed foods is a very important problem because the fiber has beneficial effects on human health: it helps to prevent constipation by increasing the volume and fluid content of stools and it may also interacts with some intestinal bacteria by inhibiting the formation of cancer cells in the colon. Moreover some types of fiber, found in oat bran, beans, apples and grapes, may decrease the LDL cholesterol.
The National Cancer Institute recommends 20 to 30 grams of fiber per day.
Fiber are also very filling, so you can reduce the amount of foods you need and this is very important to keep weight under control .
In refined foods the natural fiber is replaced by synthetic fiber, but isn’t better to eat the original fiber than to eat something that is added in later and that isn’t natural?
We must make a conscious decision and replace this types of foods with ones that are naturally fiber-rich to improve our wellbeing. So it is recommended to eat 3 to 5 servings of fruit and 5 servings of vegetables per day.
N05/04
http://kidshealth.org/teen/food_fitness/nutrition/fiber.html
This article talks about the importance of fiber in the diet. It distinguish between soluble and insoluble fiber. Diet rich of fiber help along the reduction of some diseases and favour the prevention of other diseases. Moreover, in this article are report some foods rich in fiber. It show a simple calculation to make it clear to us how much fiber we need, for example, if you are 14 years old, you should try to eat at least 19 grams of fiber per day (14+5=19). Finally, the author gives some tips to ensure an adequate intake of fiber.
N05/54
Dear teacher, exploring the web site, I was intrigued by this article: ”Study Explores Link Between Diabetes, Eating Disorders” (Friday, March 12, 2010), because I didn’t know that this association was possible.
In this article is analyzed the eating disorder as one of the important factor in diabetes.
According to the doctor Deborah Young-Hyman, pediatric psychologist at the Medical College of Georgia's Georgia Prevention Institute,It is not possible to use the same diagnostic criteria for eating disorders in diabetic and non diabetic subjects. Dr. Young-Hyman and her colleagues reviewed related literature enabling them to connect the points between the disordered eating behavior reported by some diabetics with the deregulations of hunger-related hormones and/or inadequate management of insulin therapy. As a psychologist, Dr. Young-Hyman has treated many type 1 diabetics subjects with eating disorder, In fact, one of them helped her to learn more about eating disorders. Studies with chronic eating disorders in type 1 diabetics could help the prevention, developing new treatments.
N05/21
http://kidshealth.org/teen/food_fitness/nutrition/vegetarian.html
Why Do People Become Vegetarians?
For much of the world, vegetarianism is largely a matter of economics: meat costs a lot more than, but in outher contries people choose to be vegetarians for reasons other than cost. Infact lots of people have more than one reason for choosing vegetarianism fpr example : parental preferences, religious or other beliefs, and health issues.
Vegetarian and Semi-Vegetarian Diets
A lacto-ovo vegetarian eats dairy products and eggs, but excludes meat, fish, and poultry. It follows, then, that a lacto vegetarian eats dairy products but not eggs, whereas an ovo vegetarian eats eggs but not dairy products.
There are macrobiotic diets. Macrobiotic diets restrict not only animal products but also refined and processed foods, foods with preservatives, and foods that contain caffeine or other stimulants.
Some people consider themselves semi-vegetarians and eat fish and maybe a small amount of poultry as part of a diet that's primarily made up of vegetables, fruits, grains, legumes, seeds, and nuts. A pesci vegetarian - eats fish, but not poultry.
http://kidshealth.org/teen/food_fitness/nutrition/caffeine.html
This article talks about intake of caffeine and its effects.
Caffeine is a drug that is naturally produced in the leaves and seeds of many plants. It's also produced artificially and added to certain foods. Caffeine is defined as a drug because it stimulates the central nervous system, causing increased alertness. Caffeine gives most people a temporary energy boost and elevates mood.
Caffeine is in tea, coffee, chocolate, many soft drinks, and pain relievers and other over-the-counter medications.
Many people feel that caffeine increases their mental alertness. Higher doses of caffeine can cause anxiety, dizziness, headaches, and the jitters. Caffeine can also interfere with normal sleep.
Experts consider 200–300 mg of caffeine a day to be a moderate amount for adults. But consuming as little as 100 mg of caffeine a day can lead a person to become "dependent" on caffeine. This means that someone may develop withdrawal symptoms (like tiredness, irritability, and headaches) if he or she quits caffeine suddenly.
Buon pomeriggio professoressa!!! :D
Mi chiamo Annalisa Oliviero e dovrei correggere il power point per la tesi. Quando posso venire?
Grazie mille :D
Hy teacher,I examining the site I have found interesting this article: “Children need fat in food say expert”(Aug 2007).
This article published in the Nutritional Journal said that fat should be included as part of balanced diet because children burn more body fat than adults for each calorie used up. An American team from Pennysilvania State University, used a range of “calorimetry”tests for its research on 10 children aged six to ten and 10 adults who spent most of their time watching tv. All had a body mass index whitin the healthy range and were given a standard diet. This research measured metabolic rate and the amount of nitrogen in the urine, using the results to calculate how much fat participants oxidised. They found that amount of fat burned by children is similar to the burned by adult. The children burned more fat relative to the amount of Energy they used. The children may oxidise more fat relative to total Energy expenditure than adults for the purpose of supporting normal growth process. Therefor sufficient fat must be included in the diet of children to support normal growth
n05/24
Hi Teacher!!
Looking in the Clusty Cloud web site, I have found an interesting page about Heart disease prevention.
This is the way : Health, Diet, Fitness, Nutrition >> http://health.msn.com/nutrition >> Diseases & Health Conditions >> Health Topics >>Cholesterol >>Strategies for a Healthy Heart
There are five important heart disease prevention tips.
1)AVOID SMOKE OR TOBACCO PRODUCTS These cointain many chemicals that can damage heart and blood vessels, thereby leading to atherosclerosis. Latter is the main cause of heart attack. The nicotine and the carbon monoxide increase blood pressure and make heart work harder. When you stop smoking, your risk of heart disease drops dramatically within just one year.
2)GET ACTIVE : Physical activity is useful in reducing conditions that can damage your heart, such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol and diabetes. You can see bigger benefits by increasing the intensity, duration and frequency of your workouts.
3)DASH DIET: It’s a special diet called the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension. This means eating foods that are low in fat, cholesterol and salt such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains and low-fat dairy products. It’s important to reduce the saturated and trans fat intake, and to increase the omega3 fat consumption. Some fishes and flaxseed oil, walnut oil, soybean oil and canola oil, are natural sources of omega-3s.
4)MAINTAIN A HEALTHY WEIGHT: The excess weight can lead to heart disease. One way to estimate your weight is to calculate your body mass index (BMI), which considers height and weight. BMI numbers 25 and higher are associated with higher blood fats, higher blood pressure, and an increased risk of heart disease and stroke. The waist circumference is also a useful tool to measure how much abdominal fat you have. It’s better to have these values lower than 101.6 centimeters for men, and 88.9 cm for women.
5)GET REGULAR HEALTH SCREENINGS: Adults should have their blood pressure checked at least every two years and their cholesterol measured at least once every five years.
In conclusion,following these simple and free five rules, heart diseases seem to be often avoidable.
The article that I have chosen is: The Buzz on Energy Foods; it talks about energy drinks and nutritions bars that promise to increase energy and alertness, to offer extra nutrition, to boost athletic performance or powers of concentration. The occasional energy drink is fine and a protein bar in the morning is a better choice than not getting any breakfast at all. But people who usually has about three or four energy drinks and a couple of protein bars every day are wrong!! Many of them contain more nutrients than a candy bar or a bag of chips and for this motive, may be OK for athletes who burn lots of calories in high-intensity activities and nt for sedentary people who, in this way, introduce too much calories. They contain also caffeine and sugar, some brands of energy drinks and food bars can have ingredients whose safety or effectiveness hasn't been tested like guarana (a source of caffeine) and taurine (an amino acid thought to enhance caffeine's effect). Some contain herbal supplements that are not regulated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), such as ginseng. For this motif this products must be used paying more attention!!!
N05/17
I talk about fiber and dietary intake of it. The fiber is carbohydrates that cannot be digested. It is distint in soluble fiber and insoluble fiber. Soluble fiber partially dissolves in water and has been shown to lower cholesterol. Insoluble fiber does not dissolve in water, but that's why it helps with constipation. Fiber is found in the plants we eat for food — fruits, vegetables, grains, and legumes. It is important to eat fiber because it helps lower blood cholesterol and prevent diabetes and heart disease. When carbohydrates are combined with fiber, it slows the absorption of sugar and regulates insulin response. Fiber itself has no calories, and adequate amounts of fiber helps move food through the digestive system, promoting healthy bowel function and protecting against constipation
Great sources of fiber include:
whole-grain breads and cereals
fruits like apples, oranges, bananas, berries, prunes, and pears
green peas
legumes (split peas, soy, lentils, etc.)
artichokes
almonds
To eat more fiber we can use
whole-wheat bagels instead of white toast, use whole-grain spaghetti and other pastas instead of white. Make fruit salad with pears, apples, bananas, oranges, and berries, vegetables and corn flakes.
The quantity of fiber per day is 30 g according to LARN.
Between the keywords I have been considering Weight loss and among the various articles I have chosen:
www.lifeclinic.com / focus / nutrition / default.asp would like to focus on the beneficial effects of vitamins in humans. I found this interesting study: "Increased Antioxidant Intake May Lower Your Risk of Alzheimer's" which looks at how some vitamins, including vitamin E and C may help reduce the risk of Alzheimer's disease since I have family in such a situation… The study was published in the Journal of the American Medical Association. We studied 5,000 individuals with duration 3 years, taking over that period vitamin C, E and beta-carotene. Is was shown at the six-year follow-up,146 of the study participants had developed Alzheimer's disease. Researchers determined that people who had high intakes of vitamin C and vitamin E had a much lower risk of developing Alzheimer's.
Is was recommended consumption:
- 60 mg of Vit. C per day to both men and women. Thus consuming good sources of vitamin C as citrus fruits and juices, tomatoes, berries, potatoes with skins, peppers, broccoli and spinach.
- Women need 8 mg of vitamin E per day, while men 10 mg a day. To meet your daily vitamin E needs, try foods such as wheat germ, vegetable oil, egg yolks and whole grains.
Between the keywords I have been considering Weight loss and among the various articles I have chosen:
www.lifeclinic.com / focus / nutrition / default.asp would like to focus on the beneficial effects of vitamins in humans. I found this interesting study: "Increased Antioxidant Intake May Lower Your Risk of Alzheimer's" which looks at how some vitamins, including vitamin E and C may help reduce the risk of Alzheimer's disease since I have family in such a situation… The study was published in the Journal of the American Medical Association. We studied 5,000 individuals with duration 3 years, taking over that period vitamin C, E and beta-carotene. Is was shown at the six-year follow-up,146 of the study participants had developed Alzheimer's disease. Researchers determined that people who had high intakes of vitamin C and vitamin E had a much lower risk of developing Alzheimer's.
Is was recommended consumption:
- 60 mg of Vit. C per day to both men and women. Thus consuming good sources of vitamin C as citrus fruits and juices, tomatoes, berries, potatoes with skins, peppers, broccoli and spinach.
- Women need 8 mg of vitamin E per day, while men 10 mg a day. To meet your daily vitamin E needs, try foods such as wheat germ, vegetable oil, egg yolks and whole grains.
Between the keywords I have been considering Weight loss and among the various articles I have chosen:
www.lifeclinic.com / focus / nutrition / default.asp would like to focus on the beneficial effects of vitamins in humans. I found this interesting study: "Increased Antioxidant Intake May Lower Your Risk of Alzheimer's" which looks at how some vitamins, including vitamin E and C may help reduce the risk of Alzheimer's disease since I have family in such a situation… The study was published in the Journal of the American Medical Association. We studied 5,000 individuals with duration 3 years, taking over that period vitamin C, E and beta-carotene. Is was shown at the six-year follow-up,146 of the study participants had developed Alzheimer's disease. Researchers determined that people who had high intakes of vitamin C and vitamin E had a much lower risk of developing Alzheimer's.
Is was recommended consumption:
- 60 mg of Vit. C per day to both men and women. Thus consuming good sources of vitamin C as citrus fruits and juices, tomatoes, berries, potatoes with skins, peppers, broccoli and spinach.
- Women need 8 mg of vitamin E per day, while men 10 mg a day. To meet your daily vitamin E needs, try foods such as wheat germ, vegetable oil, egg yolks and whole grains.
http://kidshealth.org/teen/food_fitness/nutrition/caffeine.html
The article talks about caffeine and its effects.This article concludes that caffeine is injurious to health because it can cause anxiety, dizziness, headaches. Also caffeine may cause the body to lose calcium and increase the risch of developing osteoporosis. It can aggravate certain hearth problems. Reading this article ,I have discovered that caffeine is a diuretic that is meaning it causes a person to urinate more. To reduce those effects, teens should try to assume caffeine to more than 100 mg daily and kids should get even less.
N05/86
http://kidshealth.org/parent/nutrition_fit/nutrition/breakfast.html#
Breakfast basics
Breakfast is the most important meal.
Many kids skip breakfast because they aren’t hungry in the morning or because they’ re rushing to go to school. Children that eat in the morning are more concentrated and alert than those who skip breakfast. In fact kids need of energy to learn and to participate in physical activities. Moreover people who don't eat breakfast are often overweight, because overeat at lunch or eat snack between the mean meals. So it is very important for kids to have breakfast every morning, preferring whole-grain waffles, fresh fruit, milk or fruit juice. So it is possible to introduce carbohydrates, protein and fiber, that are essential to maintain their well-being.
Parents must stimulate their children to eat breakfast every day offering them more alternatives and get up 10 minutes earlier.
http://kidshealth.org/teen/food_fitness/nutrition/caffeine
The artiche talks about caffeine and its effects. This artiche concludes that caffeine is injurious to health because it can cause anxiety, dizziness, headaches. Also caffeine may cause to body to lose calcium and increase the risk of developing osteoporosis. It can aggravate certain heart problems. Reading this artiche ,I have discovered that caffeine is a diuretic that is meaning it causes a person to urinate more. To reduce those effects, teens should try to assume caffeine to no more than 100 mg daily and kids should get even less.
N05/ 86
http://kidshealth.org/teen/food_fitness/nutrition/vitamins and minerals
This artiche talks about vitamins and minerals. Vitamins are organic substances and they fall into two categories: fat solubile (A,D,E,K) and water solubile (C and B complex vitamins). Trey are very important for the body and they are found in many foods such as milk, meats, fish, poultry, vegetables. In fact, they boost the immune sistem , support normal growth and development and help sell and organs do their jobs. Vitamins are more important than others as : Vitamin K helps blood to clot and it can find in green leafy vegetables, broccoli and soybeans; Vitamin B12 is important for manufacturing red blood cells and it can find in eggs, milk and other dairy food and fortified breakfast cereals. There are hundreds of supplements of market, but a healthy teen usually doesn’t need supplement if he or she is eating a balanced diet .
N05/ 119
This article talks about alimentary safety ; in it are found in small measures to have at home, to prevent microbial growth in food.
For security means the ability not to spread micro-organisms in food and during preparations or consumption.
Indeed microorganisms can spread foodborne diseases and infections.
To avoid this we must have some small measures to the market, in the kitchen and during the preparation:
• Make sure you put refrigerated foods in your cart last.
• When buying packaged meat, poultry, or fish, check the expiration date on the label.
• Check eggs before buying them.
• Separate foods between the different ranges.
• Place meats in plastic bags so that any juices do not leak onto other foods in your cart.
• Raw meat, poultry, or fish should be cooked or frozen within 2 days.
• Thaw frozen meat, poultry, and fish in the refrigerator or microwave, never at room temperature.
• The temperature within the thickness of the meat or fish must be not less than 140 ° C.
• Scrub all fruits and veggies with plain water
The devices listed above, very interesting, do not forget personal hygiene and hand Above all, because the latter are those most exposed to contact with food.
Cooking and defrosting of food must be done in the microwave, in appropriate containers, thus avoiding the "food hazards”.
Healthy Eating –> Articles –> Healthy Eating For Kids
http://www.funvista.com/get/articles/health-and-fitness/nutrition/healthy-eating-for-kids.htm
This article deals with a serious problem that exist mainly in the U.S: Childhood obesity. Is considered important eat foods that is low in fat: dairy foods that are low fat or non-fat, eating skinless poultry, lean meats and low fat cereals and breads. Is also important to follow a diet that is rich in fruits and vegetable so that the child receives all the vitamins and nutrients it needs. Parents, in this regard, should teach their children how to eat healthy following some tricks: use as a reference to the food pyramid; involve the children in the food preparation; teach correct eating portions of food; to eat away from the TV; eat slowly and have in the house a wide choice of healthy foods and snacks; encourage children to drink water instead of juice or soda pop. If parents are unable to educate their children to eat healthy is good that we turn to pediatricians or nutritionists.
N05/23
This article talks about alimentary safety ; in it are found in small measures to have at home, to prevent microbial growth in food.
For security means the ability not to spread micro-organisms in food and during preparations or consumption.
Indeed microorganisms can spread foodborne diseases and infections.
To avoid this we must have some small measures to the market, in the kitchen and during the preparation:
• Make sure you put refrigerated foods in your cart last.
• When buying packaged meat, poultry, or fish, check the expiration date on the label.
• Check eggs before buying them.
• Separate foods between the different ranges.
• Place meats in plastic bags so that any juices do not leak onto other foods in your cart.
• Raw meat, poultry, or fish should be cooked or frozen within 2 days.
• Thaw frozen meat, poultry, and fish in the refrigerator or microwave, never at room temperature.
• The temperature within the thickness of the meat or fish must be not less than 140 ° C.
• Scrub all fruits and veggies with plain water
The devices listed above, very interesting, do not forget personal hygiene and hand Above all, because the latter are those most exposed to contact with food.
Cooking and defrosting of food must be done in the microwave, in appropriate containers, thus avoiding the "food hazards”.
Food allergy is an abnormal immunological reaction in which an individual's immune system overreacts to foods that are ordinarily harmless. Usually the allergen, the part of a food to which a person reacts , is a protein. The reaction may occur minutes or hours after the food is eaten. Because the immune system proliferates in particular areas, one or several organ systems may be affected. The most dangerous allergic reaction is anaphylaxis and it may affect any body system. Examples of food intolerances include reactions- to monosodium glutamate (MSG), tyramine in cheese, caffeine in coffee, sulfites in wine, phenylethylamine in chocolate, or milk and its products in the case of someone who has a genetic lactase deficiency. Caffeine is categorized in the drug family of methyl xanthine. Coffee, however, contains more than 300 substances in addition to caffeine. It would be unfair, therefore, to attribute all reactions to drinking large quantities of coffee to caffeine. Food hypersensitivity can be attributed to the ingestion of chemicals added to or sprayed on foods. The examples of food and water contaminants that can set off hypersensitivity reactions in vulnerable individuals are: herbicides, fungicides, insecticides, natural gas residues, antimicrobials, antibiotics, hormones, artificial flavorings, artificial colorings, texture modifiers, and packaging plastics. However the dividing lines between food allergy, food intolerance, and food hypersensitivity are not always clear, except that food allergy is usually the immune system's reaction to the provocation by a particular food.
N05/114
Hi teacher, I've chosen an article that gives some informations about a healthy diet during pregnancy. Above all, it suggests to integrate the normal daily diet with an addition of 300 calories and to take a prenatal supplement with iron, folic acid and calcium, then makes a list with some things that a pregnant woman has to do.
1) Eat 6 little meals, instead of the normal three, to be always powerful and not tired. Choosing little meals aids also to reduce the pregnancy heartburn.
2) Choose various food, trying to include in each meal a combination of meats, fish and poultry; diary groups; fruit and vegetables; bread, cereals, legumes and peas.
3) Always take prenatal vitamins.
4) Never forget about minerals that could miss, even if the great part of minerals are provided by a healthy diet.
5) Take folic acid to avoid neurologic problems in the child. The quantity recommended is 400 mcg.
6) Take the quantity of iron necessary for red blood cells production. This element is very important during pregnancy.
http://www.babyzone.com/pregnancy/health_wellness/fitness_food_weight/article/pregnancy-nutrition-rules
N05/117 Appendicitis.
This article is about a boy Miguel, afflicted with severe stomach pain believed to have a stomach bug or a gastrointestinal infection. This caused him severe pain, vomiting and poor appetite, and even a fever. Miguel's father called the doctor and joined him in his studio. After having visited the doctor discovered that Miguel had appendicitis and had to be operated. Appendicitis is an inflammation of the appendix. The appendix is a tube-shaped piece of tissue, the size of a finger, that connects to the large intestine on the lower right abdomen. The interior of the appendix forms a pouch that opens to the large intestine. If the infected appendix is not removed can cause a rupture due to pressure. Appendicitis should be removed 48-72 hours after the onset of symptoms, if not removed in time can be very dangerous because it creates an abscess.
The classic symptoms of appendicitis are abdominal pain and loss of appetite. Abdominal pain usually begins in the middle of the abdomen around the navel. Later, the pain may move downward and to the right, to an area called McBurney point, which corresponds roughly to the position of the appendix. After abdominal pain, a person with appendicitis may develop a slight fever, loss of appetite, nausea or vomiting.
There is no specific period of incubation. If you suspect that you have appendicitis, call a physician immediately. Appendicitis is an emergency that must be treated surgically. You can not be treated at home. To help make a diagnosis, the doctor will ask about your medical history and perform a physical exam. The doctor will usually do some blood tests and may recommend X-rays, a CT scan or an ultrasound. Your doctor will decide if you need surgery. Appendicitis is treated with surgery to remove the infected appendix. The operation is called appendectomy. To prepare for the intervention of a person will receive an 'anesthetic, which puts a person into a deep sleep and prevents pain appendectomy generally has few complications, a hospital stay of 1 to 3 days.
Food Safety food and fitness nutrition basic the food guide pyramid:
This article relating to food Guide Pyramid.
The Food Guide Pyramid is one way for people to understand how to eat healthy.
The pyramid shows food groups, with different sized and colored strips of showing the amount of food intake. From left to right on the pyramid are a person and six food groups.
The figure(person) climbing stairs at the side of the pyramid reminds us that exercise is an important part of any healthy lifestyle.
Groups based on the Food Guide Pyramid are: Carbohydrates, Vegetable, Fruit, oil, Dairy group and Meat, Poultry, Fish, Dry Beans, Eggs, and Nuts group.
In addition to using the pyramid as a way to remind people to eat right and exercise, the government designed a website, called MyPyramid. At this site, you can get personalized recommendations about which foods to eat and how much.
The link for this article is http://www.bodyrecomposition.com/nutrition/nutrient-intake-nutrient-storage-and-nutrient-oxidation.html
There are two primary fates for nutrient after they are digested and absorbed: oxidation or storage.
Oxidation is direct burning of fuels for energy.
Storage indicates that the nutrients can be ’stored’ in the body.
Fat
Body fat stores are effectively. Even a relatively lean male at 180 lbs and 12% body fat is carrying 21 pounds of fat. Each pound contains maybe 400 grams of actual stored fat and that means about 8500 grams of fat stored in the body.
But for the most part, ingested dietary fat has little impact on fat burning in the body; because when you eat dietary fat, your body doesn’t increase fat oxidation. Rather, the primary controller of dietary fat oxidation in the body is how many carbohydrates you’re eating.
Carbohydrate
For carbohydrate, the body’s stores are relatively close to the daily intake. A normal person may store 300-400 grams of muscle glycogen, another 50 or so of liver glyogen and 10 or so in the bloodstream as free glucose. So let’s say 350-450 grams of carbohydrate as a rough average.
For this reason, the body is extremely good at modulating carbohydrate oxidation to carbohydrate intake. Eat more carbs and you burn more carbs (you also store more glycogen); eat less carbs and you burn less carbs (and glycogen levels drop). This occurs for a variety of reasons including changing insulin levels and simple substrate availability. And, as it turns out, fat oxidation is basically inversely related to carbohydrate oxidation.
So when you eat more carbs, you burn more carbs and burn less fat; eat less carbs and you burn less carbs and burn more fat.
Protein
The body’s total protein stores (and note again that this isn’t a true store in the sense of body fat and glycogen) is maybe 10-15kg or so (muscles). Which is pretty high compared to an average daily intake. The RDA for protein is only about 50-60 grams per day for the average person and even folks eating 200-300 grams per day are still eating far less protein than stored. Which is why protein oxidation rates can change with intake.
As I mentioned above, an under-appreciated fact is that about half of all ingested dietary protein is metabolized in the liver. Some of it is oxidized for energy while others are converted into other things (including glucose and ketones) for use elsewhere. But, protein oxidation rates do change in response to intake. So, when protein intake goes up, oxidation will increase; when protein intake goes down, oxidation rates decrease. This change isn’t immediate (as it more or less is for carbohydrates) and takes 3-9 days to occur.
N05/56
Teacher, I examining the site I have found interesting this topic: food additives
The food additives are substances intentionally added to food either directly or indirectly with one or more of the following purposes: 1. To maintain or improve nutritional quality; 2. To maintain product quality and freshness; 3. To aid in the processing or preparation of food; and 4. To make food more appealing.
The additives are strictly regulated. Manufacturers must prove the additives they add to food are safe. This process can take several years and includes a battery of chemical studies as well as tests involving animals, the latter to determine whether the substances could have harmful effects such as cancer and birth defects. The results of these comprehensive studies must be presented to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
Some additives have been used for centuries; for example, preserving food by pickling (with vinegar), salting, as with bacon, preserving sweets or using sulfur dioxide as in some wines. With the advent of processed foods in the second half of the 20th century, many more additives have been introduced, of both natural and artificial origin.
For regulate these additives, and inform consumers, each additive is assigned a unique number. Initially these were the "E numbers" used in Europe for all approved additives. This numbering scheme has now been adopted and extended by the Codex Alimentarius Commission to internationally identify all additives,[1] regardless of whether they are approved for use.
There has been significant controversy associated with the risks and benefits of food additives. Some artificial food additives have been linked with cancer, digestive problems, and diseases like heart disease or obesity.[citation needed] Even "natural" additives may be harmful in certain quantities (table salt, for example) or because of allergic reactions in certain individuals.
Examples of additives are: acids, acidity regulators, antioxidants, emulsifiers, stabilizers ,etc.
http://www.la-personal-trainer.com/weight-training-for-weight-loss.htm
The article that I found tells about the importance and the advantages of weight training.
I chose this topic ,because I like make weight training.
This type of sport allows to build lean muscle. Lean muscle increases metabolism so you can lose
your weight : muscle is extremely metabolic !
About 10 pounds of muscle burns more 600 calories per day. This quantity is the same that you can burn if you run 6 miles per day.
Weight training for weight loss allows you to body burn fat for 24 hours a day, even while you are sleeping!
You will not have the same results if you're only on a diet while doing cardiofitness.
Finally the advantages of weight training are : weight loss, sculpting body, and total body toning.
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While I was exploring these sites for an interesting article I was attracted by "Carotenoid may boost bone health", because it is about a new role of lycopene in human health. We know that this pigment, that makes the tomato red, is an important antioxidant which, for example, protects the eyes, reduces the risk of atherosclerosis and helps against some cancers, but a recent study suggests that lycopene may also have a relevant effect in bone health, as this article describes.
So it may protect against bone loss in older men and women; in particular it protects against losses in bone mineral density (BMD) at the lumbar spine in women and at the hip in men.
The experiment is about 213 men and 390 women over the age of 75, followed for four years. The data suggest that the lifetime risk for a woman to have an osteoporotic fracture is 30-40 per cent and for a man it's about 13 per cent.
Carotenoids may play a protective role in skeletal health thanks to their antioxidant activity; in fact the oxidative stress may increase bone resorption.
In summary this study shows an inverse association between lycopene and loss in BMD (at the hip in men and at the lumbar spine in women).
http://www.mychildhealth.net/important-facts-about-child-nutrition.html
The article I have analyzed is “My child healt" because I thik that the Child nutrition is basilar for their healt.
Infact the cerebral development happens in the first ages of life (in particular age three-five) and a correct nutrition is fundamental. For example at the age two children basically should eat moderately low fat to avoid healt problems later.
Unfortunately the children eat unhealthy food so for example they don’t choose to eat fruit and vegetables but they prefer snacks, full of fats and sugars.
This food has a high caloric content and the abundant use of this snacks combined to a physical inactivity can be dangerous for children’s health!
The main danger is the obesity that affects many people, this disease implies other pathologies mostly for the cardiovascular system.
The “USDA, Child Nutrition Research” reported that the 85% of the children eat less than recommended five servings of fruits and vegetables per day.
Most eaten vegetables are potatoes and tomatoes, but potatoes are fried and tomatoes become ketchup.
The incorrect nutrition combined to a physical inactivity leads to increase childhood obesity. The CDS (Center for disease control and prevention) notes that the 36% of the children doesn’t exercise at all and the 43% of them are diagnosed with a “type two” diabetes.
Childhood is an important moment for the prevention of the pathologies and the correct nutrition with right lifestyle can improve life.
Children, besides good nutrition, should play less videogames but for them is important physical activity.
For the welfare of the children is fondamental theach them a healthy lifestyle!
Link http://www.bodyrecomposition.com/nutrition/a-quick-look-at-food-allergies-and-intolerances.html
FOOD ALLERGIES AND INTOLERANCES
The terms food allergy and food intolerance are used interchangeably although they represent very different phenomena.
Food intolerance, such as lactose intolerance from dairy products, typically occurs due to a lack of appropriate digestive enzymes and this cause upset stomach, gas, bloating or diarrhea. At worst, food intolerances typically cause some discomfort but no real danger.
In contrast, a true food allergy generates an immune reaction in the body. This is potentially much more severe and can cause anaphylactic shock and death can also occur in extreme cases. True food allergies are typically caused when small amounts of proteins enter the bloodstream.
Protein foods tend to be the most common culprits with milk, egg, peanuts, tree nuts, some fish and shellfish being the most common causes of allergies. Gluten, a protein found in grains such as wheat, barley and rye, is also a common source of food allergies.
True food allergies are thought to occur in 3-4% of adults. There are a number of different ways to determine the presence of a true food allergy but, from a practical standpoint, if eating a given protein source causes problems of the sort described above, that tells the athlete all they need to know. For the most part, there is little to no treatment for true food allergies; avoiding the problem food is the best and only option.
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http://www.bellaonline.com/articles/art51365.asp
http://www.bellaonline.com/articles/art48532.asp
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition published several studies that show that dark chocolate may have antioxidant and heart health benefits.
Antioxidants protect human cells from oxidative damage that is the first cause of anging.
These results are questionable because the studies are all small, they are funeded by Chocolate Industry and also most chocolate products are high in saturated fats and sugars that raise harmful LDL cholesterol levels.
For these reasons, it is preferable to eat fruits and vegetables that have the same effects but they are low in calories.
For chocolate lovers. it is possible to found a kind of chocolate, with the same taste, but without all the saturated fats and sugars.
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http://kidshealth.org/teen/food_fitness/nutrition/food_safety.html#
The author of this article talks about the importance of safety food. It is very important that foods are free of pathogens so that we can be secure from infection very dangerous for our health. Nowadays Foodborne infection have decreased so much based on knowledge and observation of behavioral rules from the population. The author recalls the advice to be followed to achieve maximum safety food for purchase, preparation and storage of food.
We must begin to follows some important rules already in the supermarket: always check expiry date on the package; put frozen food in the basket at the end of the expenditure; don’t buy food smelly; don’t buy dirty or cracked eggs and so on.
After the purchase of food, when we return home, the first thing to do is store food that needs to be put in the refrigerator or freezer. The meat should be cooked or frozen within two days of purchase; is important thaw the foods in the refrigerator or in microwave oven, never at room-temperature; the meat should be well cooked; should wash very well fruit and vegetables before eating or cooking; should cook eggs until whites are not runny and so on.
When we preparing food should avoid cross-contamination, we should avoid uncooked and cooked food come into contact and that cooked food touching surface contaminated by uncooked food; we should wash hands frequently especially after handling uncooked food or eggs; must thoroughly clean utensil and kitchen surface; wash the dirty dish towels with hot water an so on.
If there are leftovers should keep them in food containers and put them in refrigerator; eat leftovers within 3 to 5 days or freeze them; eat frozen leftovers within two months.
When we use the microwave oven must be careful with the choice of container; after thawing food we must cook them quickly; if we use the microwave to cook the food, we need to ensure that the cooking is done in the right way and so on.
Reading through various articles, my attention has focused on an article dealing with vitamins and minerals. Vitamins are organic substances (made from plants or animals), minerals are inorganic elements that come from soil and water and are absorbed by plants or eaten by animals. Vitamins fall into two categories: fat soluble and water soluble. Fat-soluble vitamins - A, D, E and K - dissolve in fat and can be stored in the body. The water-soluble vitamins - C and B complex vitamins (like vitamins B6, B12, niacin, riboflavin and folate) - need to dissolve before the body can absorb. Because of this, our body can not store these vitamins. So we need a fresh supply of these vitamins every day.
Our body needs large amounts of some minerals such as calcium, to grow and stay healthy. Vitamins and minerals are essential because they are able to stimulate the immune system, support normal growth and development, and help cells and organs do their jobs. For example, carrots are good for the eyes. Carrots are rich in substances called carotenoids that the body converts into vitamin A, which helps prevent eye problems.
Another vitamin E, vitamin K, helps blood clotting. Vitamin K is found in green leafy vegetables and soybeans. Vitamin B12, which is important for the production of red blood cells, not found in plant foods.
The minerals lost through sweat, faeces, urine must be mainly replenished. Adequate intake is especially important in sports, in the young and the elderly. To have strong bones, you need to eat foods such as milk, yogurt and green leafy vegetables, which are rich in minerals calcium. The best sources for the minerals zinc and iron are meat, fish and poultry. However, you can get zinc and iron in dried beans, seeds, nuts, and green leafy vegetables like cabbage.
Eat a variety of foods is the best way to get all the vitamins and minerals you need every day, such as the right balance of carbohydrates, proteins, fats and calories.
If you take supplements, you should be careful not to have more than 100% of the dose recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for a particular vitamin or mineral. The RDA is calculated to provide 100% of the dietary needs for 98.6% of the population. It is likely that all you need. The best thing to get the vitamins and minerals you need is to eat a wide variety of healthy foods and skip the vitamin pills.
So in conclusion beyond vitamins and minerals, it is important to follow a healthy and balanced diet in addition to regular physical activity.
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Anthocyanin
Anthocyanins are glycosides and there are several types among which the six most important perlagoidina, cyanidin, delphinidin, peonidina, and petunidina malvidina.
Anthocyanins are found in almost all fruits and vegetables, which give the sumature of red and blue.
Them in an acid take on a reddish color, while in alkaline stain blue.
Anthocyanins although not essential for human nutrition exert a positive whole organismo.Thanks to their antioxidant properties, are compared by some to a real natural antidote against aging.
For example, cranberry juice, which is the main natural source of anthocyanins glycosides and is therefore recommended to combat capillary fragility.
Glycosides anthocyanins are attributed to anti-inflammatory and platelet aggregating and are also a blessing for the entire cardiovascular system.
The richest natural sources of anthocyanins are berries, eggplant, dark grapes and beetroot
www.my-personaltrainer.it/nutrizione/antociani.html
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Anthocyanin
Anthocyanins are glycosides and there are several types among which the six most important perlagoidina, cyanidin, delphinidin, peonidina, and petunidina malvidina.
Anthocyanins are found in almost all fruits and vegetables, which give the sumature of red and blue.
Them in an acid take on a reddish color, while in alkaline stain blue.
Anthocyanins although not essential for human nutrition exert a positive whole organismo.Thanks to their antioxidant properties, are compared by some to a real natural antidote against aging.
For example, cranberry juice, which is the main natural source of anthocyanins glycosides and is therefore recommended to combat capillary fragility.
Glycosides anthocyanins are attributed to anti-inflammatory and platelet aggregating and are also a blessing for the entire cardiovascular system.
The richest natural sources of anthocyanins are berries, eggplant, dark grapes and beetroot
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www.my-personaltrainer.it/nutrizione/antociani.html
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http://www.mychildhealth.net/important-facts-about-child-nutrition.html
The article I have analyzed is “My child healt" because I thik that the Child nutrition is basilar for their healt.
Infact the cerebral development happens in the first ages of life (in particular age three-five) and a correct nutrition is fundamental. For example at the age two children basically should eat moderately low fat to avoid healt problems later.
Unfortunately the children eat unhealthy food so for example they don’t choose to eat fruit but they prefer snacks, full of fats and sugars.
This food has a high caloric content and the abundant use of this snacks combined to a physical inactivity can be dangerous for children’s health!
The main danger is the obesity that affects many people, this disease implies other pathologies mostly for the cardiovascular system.
The “USDA, Child Nutrition Research” reported that the 85% of the children eat less than recommended five servings of fruits and vegetables per day.
Most eaten vegetables are potatoes and tomatoes, but potatoes are fried and tomatoes become ketchup.
The incorrect nutrition combined to a physical inactivity leads to increase childhood obesity. The CDS (Center for disease control and prevention) notes that the 36% of the children doesn’t exercise at all and the 43% of them are diagnosed with a “type two” diabetes.
Childhood is an important moment for the prevention of the pathologies and the correct nutrition with right lifestyle can improve life.
Children, besides good nutrition, should play less videogames but for them is important physical activity.
For the welfare of the children is fondamental theach them a healthy lifestyle!
Dietary fiber is the parts of plants that we cannot digest. Only foods that come from plants contain dietary fiber. Fruits, vegetables, legumes, and whole grain foods all contain dietary fiber.
Some foods have "functional" fiber added to them. Functional fibers have various effects in the body, like decreasing blood cholesterol or increasing stool bulk. Oat bran, pectin, and psyllium are functional fibers. They may be added to foods that otherwise would not contain fiber.
Fiber adds bulk to our diet. Having enough bulk in the foods we eat helps prevent constipation. Fiber also may decrease our risk of getting diverticular disease. Diverticular disease is a bowel problem that can cause discomfort and sometimes severe pain. It often is treated with a high fiber diet.
Fiber can help us fight high blood cholesterol. Certain kinds of fiber remove excess cholesterol from our bodies. This helps prevent heart disease in some people.
There are different kinds of fiber,
Fibers are either insoluble or soluble in water. Soluble and insoluble fiber have different effects on our heaInsoluble fiber adds bulk to the stool. This helps prevent and treat constipation and diverticular disease. In severe cases, diverticular disease is treated with a low fiber diet.
You can get insoluble fiber from:
whole grain breads, cereals, and pastas,fruit with edible peel or seeds,vegetables.
Soluble fiber helps lower blood cholesterol when eaten as part of a low fat diet.You can get soluble fiber from:oat bran,oatmeal,apples, oranges, and grapefruit,cabbage,legumes (dry beans, lentils, or peas.
Most Americans eat very little fiber, about 10 to 15 grams per day. The amount recommended to help protect against heart disease is 14 grams of dietary fiber per 1,000 calories eaten.
http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/he697
N05/30
I have read several articles childhood obesity and related diseases, it is appalling that 1 / 10 is obese and the incidence has increased especially in Campania. it seems that despite the different nutritional education programs made in different schools in the south so the result is still negative. but unfortunately I think that if you do not eliminate certain beliefs "plump baby = healthy child" can only worsen the situation, also because the fattening any home computer, the playstation and children are stimulated and encouraged to do physical activity
from the blog "fiber"...
Soluble fiber, fermentation, has chelating properties, which tends to form a gelatinous compound within the intestinal lumen, this gel is formed that increases the viscosity of the content resulting in slower emptying of the bowel. However, its chelating properties mean that it interferes with the absorption of some macronutrients (carbohydrates and lipids) reducing levels of blood cholesterol and reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease.
Fiber helps prevent some cancers of the rectum and colon to load thanks to its hygroscopic properties (water retention diluted toxic substances present in the lumen also increases the speed decreases the transit time of contact between the toxin and the wall intestinal).
Prevention and treatment of obesity: increase satiety, interferes with the absorption of sugars and fats (Action ipocolesterolizzante and ipotriglicerimizzante) and decreases insulin response.
The soluble fiber produced by fermentation proprionico acid reduces the hepatic synthesis of cholesterol. Also interferes with the reabsorption of bile acids resulting in increased use of cholesterol (cholesterol is the precursor of bile acids) by the liver.
Prebiotic effects: dietary fiber stimulates the growth of probiotic bacterial species action favoring the balance of intestinal microflora.
Regarding diversification between soluble and insoluble fiber, can be generalized by saying that the soluble fiber help control blood sugar and cholesterol, while insoluble fibers help regulate bowel function.
An adequate intake of dietary fiber helps prevent boundary conditions with mild disease such as hyperlipidemia, colon diverticulosis, constipation, obesity or other situations, diseases such as coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis, diabetes, obesity and other metabolic diseases, malignant tumors of the large bowel, gall bladder stones. See also: Diet and cancer
Dietary fiber may exert a protective effect against colorectal cancer for the following reasons:
Insoluble fiber speeds transit, reducing the concentration of potentially cytotoxic substances and citoles and timing of contact with the intestinal mucosa;
the soluble fiber reduces intestinal pH, which inhibits the activity of potentially harmful microorganisms and promotes the presence of those benefits by reducing the nitrogen concentration in the intestine of cytotoxic molecules;
Fiber-rich foods: beans, broccoli, artichokes, almonds, whole grain oats and generally all foods of plant origin.
Soluble fiber is present mainly in fruits and vegetables, that is not soluble in cereals and certain vegetables.
RDA: about 20-35 grams a day (with a ratio 3 / 1 between water soluble and insoluble fiber), for child 5 g per day plus 1 g multiplied by age.
Too much intake of dietary fiber can be dangerous. Too much fiber makes it an excess of phytic acid, a substance that prevents the absorption of some minerals including calcium, selenium, iron and zinc. It should also be noted that the outer husk, which is normally removed during refining, is the most exposed to the chemicals used in agriculture. For this reason you should ascertain the full provenance of the food purchased to avoid the introduction of substances harmful to the body.
Lecithin - An Amazing Benefits for the Heart
I found this article on Lecithin and heart health, I hope you will also find it interesting.
Lecithin is a compound of choline and inositol that is found in every living cell as a primary part of the cell membrane. Among other functions, lecithin transports fats and bad cholesterol through the blood stream to keep them from attaching to the walls of the heart, arteries and veins. It is the most abundant of the phospholipids and it is an essential constituent of the human brain and nervous system.
Lecithin, like cholesterol, is produced constantly in liver, moves into the intestine along with bile and gets absorbed into blood.
The most popular and established health benefits of lecithin is its role in the breakdown of fats in the body.
The ability of lecithin to break cholesterol into smaller particles is the key to its function that prevents several chronic heart diseases. Normally what happens is that the fat and the ‘bad’ cholesterol that gets accumulated in the blood, causes ill effects in the body. Adequate intake of lecithin helps in removing these deposited fat and cholesterol from the blood and utilizing them for the benefit of body. This is an important issue, for example, in atherosclerosis, which can be reserved if control of blood lipids and high cholesterol itself to normal levels.
Apart from the lecithin benefits for the heart and cardiovascular functions of the body, lecithin also helped lower blood pressure in some people, it increased the gamma globin in the blood which helps fight infection and it has provided an increased immunity against pneumonia. Lecithin can promote insulin secretion to lower blood glucose level and effectively helps to control diabetes. Every cells in our body contains lecithin, so it is responsible for maintaining the surface tension of the cell membranes. It therefore controls what goes in and out of each cell. Without enough lecithin, the cells wall hardens, thus not allowing enough nutrients in or waste out. This means premature aging of cells. Another important benefit of lecithin is its ability to aid in memory function and learning. In short, lecithin is involved in a myriad of body functions.
Our body only needs 30 to 50 grams of lecithin each day to enjoy its health benefits. We can easily get this through eating foods which contain lecithin such as egg yoke, wheat germ, soybeans, fish, legumes, peanuts, whole grain and yeast.
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Vitamin C and immune system
nutrition.profiles.nlm.nih.gov/
Hi teacher, I talk about vitamin C and immune system. The body’s immune system is a medical marvel still not
fully understood by man. But we know that when it operates
properly, it keepsu s well. Now, researchd one by four South
African doctors has revealed some important new data on the
beneficial effect of vitamin C on certain parts of the immune
system.T he researchs howedt hat vitamin C supplementation
raised the concentration in the blood of IgA (Ig is an abbrevlatlon
for immunoglobulin), IgM, and the C3 complement component-three key members of the immune system
To understand the importance of these results, some background
in the functions of the immune system may be useful.
This system is the body’s selfdefense force. It patrols the
body like a mobile army, protecting against foreign invaders
such as bacteria and vhuses. It will either attack these invaders
directly or utilize “mercenary troops” to ald,in their
disposal.
There are several parts to the immune
system, each with a different
function. Three of the most important
immunoglobulins are IgA, IgM, and
IgC. IgA antibodies are found mainly at the surfaces of the openings of the body. Moist surfaces, such as the
mouth, are covered with IgA antlbodies ready to attack invading bacteria or viruses and prevent them from entering our system through these openings.
IgM antibodies are the first to respond to the intrusion of antigens (the enemy cells which trigger the antibody response) and serve as the means of activating additional parts of the immune
system to join in the fight.
IgG antibodies make up the largest
percentageo f antibodies in the blood, about 70%, and they are very effective in protecting the body from viral infections.
IgC is the most important
Class of antibodies that crosses the Placenta from an immunized mother to her fetus and thus provides early antibody protection for the newborn infant until the baby-can produce his own antibodies.
The complement system., with nine components labeled Cl through C9, is activated by the presence
of other immunoglobulins and is very important in the
destruction of antigens. C3 is one of the most important of
the complement components.
The study was conducted with 46 volunteers, all of whom
were healthy nonvegetarians who had not previously been
exposed to extraordinary doses of vitamin C. They were divided
into two sections, 20 in the control group and 25 in
the experimental group (five extra experimental subjects were chosen in anticipation of dropouts which did not occur). The test period extended over 11 weeks, during which time all subjects adhered to their regular diet and the members
of the experimental group ingested 1,000 milligrams of vitamin C daily. Blood samples were taken from all participants
before the study began and again at the end of the test
period.
The blood samples were given a blind coding to avoid any
influence of investigator bias, and the serum levels of the
various antibodies were determined. The positive results of
the study were as follows:
The experimental group showed an increase of 20% in
serum IgM levels relative to the control group. In the case of
C3, the experimental group levels increased 1596 as opposed
to a slight decline in those of the control group.
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Child Nutrition
Hi teacher
I talk about a child nutrition.
A healthy diet helps children grow and learn. It also helps prevent obesity and weight-related diseases, such as diabetes. The following guidelines will help you give your child a nutritious diet:
Offer five servings of fruits and vegetables a day
Choose healthy sources of protein, such as lean meat, nuts and eggs
Serve whole-grain breads and cereals because they are high in fiber
Broil, grill or steam foods instead of frying them
Limit fast food and junk food
Offer water and milk instead of sugary fruit drinks and sodas
Learn about your children's nutrient requirements. Some of them, such as the requirements for iron and calcium, change as your child ages.
Hi Teacher!!!!!
I have found an interesting page about healthy skin.This is the way : Healthy, Diet, Fitness, Nutrition >> >> Diseases & Conditions >> Health Topics >>skin and hair.
There are five important tips for healthy skin.
1)Protect yourself from the sun:Avoid the sun between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m.Wear protective clothing and cover the skin with tightly woven long-sleeved shirts, long pants and wide-brimmed hats.Use sunscreen when you're in the sun.
2)Don't smoke:Smoking makes your skin look older and contributes to wrinkles. Smoking narrows the tiny blood vessels in the outermost layers of skin, which decreases blood flow.It also damages collagen and elastin, fibers that give your skin its strength and elasticity.
3)Treat your skin gently:Limit bath time, avoid strong soaps, shave carefully,pat dry and moisturize dry skin
4)Eat a healthy diet: Eat plenty of fruits, vegetables, whole grains and lean proteins. A diet rich in vitamin C and low in fats and carbohydrates may promote younger looking skin.
5)Manage stress: to encourage healthy skin takes steps to manage your stress.
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Dear Teacher, I choose a probiotics article. This is the link : http://www.medicinenet.com/probiotics/article.htm
Probiotics are live microrganisms that are similar to beneficial microorganisms found in the human gut. They are available to consumers mainly in the form of dietary supplements and foods.
The definition of “Probiotics” developed by WHO is “live microorganisms, which, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host."
Probiotics are available in foods , such as yogurt, fermented and unfermented milk, miso, tempeh, some juices , soy beverages and dietary supplements (for example, capsules, tablets, and powders).The microrganisms can be presented originally or added during preparation.
The bacteria come from two groups, Lactobacillus or Bifidobacterium. A few common probiotics, such as Saccharomyces boulardii, are yeasts, which are different from bacteria.
There are some potential health benefits of probiotics; recent researches on the molecular biology and genomics of Lactobacillus have focused on the interaction with the immune system, anti-cancer potential, and potential as a biotherapeutic agent in cases of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea, travellers' diarrhoea, pediatric diarrhoea, inflammatory bowel disease and irritable bowel syndrome.
The side effects of probiotics are not thoroughly studied. Further studies are necessary to evaluate the probiotics’ safety, in particular for young children, elderly people, and people with compromised immune systems.
http://www.webmd.com/diet/guide/what-is-obesity
Obesity is a condition where there's an increase of total body fat (20% or more above normal weight), and can be measured through the Body Mass Index (BMI). Another type of obesity is the "morbid obesity", that appear when a person is either 50-100% over normal weight.
This condition leads to a reduction of normal physic function.
There're several causes of obesity, like the increase of age that leads a reduction in body metabolism, the gender (women
appear to be more overweight than men, 'cause men have a higher resting metabolic rate), genetic factors, environmental factors (lifestyle), physical activity (decrease appetite and permit to use fats as primary energy source), psychological factors (state of sadness, anger, are related with binge eating), illness (specially hormonal disease) and some drugs (for example, use of antidepressants cause weight gain).
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